Determine what he should know and begin to craft your summary. Think about the main idea of your research paper and write down three "key" terms that were used in the document. For example, if your paper is about the American Revolution include this as a relevant term to use in your summary · Use short sentences, in your own words. After extracting the key information, revisit the article and read it more attentively, to see if you missed something. Add some notes to your summary, but take care to avoid plagiarism. Write notes in your own blogger.comted Reading Time: 6 mins · A research summary template is also very likely to help you structure your paper. Sketch the main elements of the conclusion before writing it. Do this for a number of reasons: validate/invalidate hypotheses; enumerate key evidence supporting or invalidating them, list potential implications; mention the subject’s importance; mention study limitations and future Estimated Reading Time: 9 mins
How to Write a Summary | 5 Steps & Real Examples
Published on November 23, by Shona McCombes. A summary is always much shorter than the original text. Writing a summary does not involve critiquing or analyzing the source—you should simply provide a clear, how to start a summary of a research paper, objective, accurate account of the most important information and ideas, without copying any text from the original and without missing any of the key points.
Table of contents When to summarize Read the text Break the text down into sections Identify the key points in each section Write the summary Check the summary against the article Frequently asked questions about summarizing.
Sometimes you might use a brief quote to support your point; sometimes you might paraphrase a few sentences or paragraphs. In any case, the goal of summarizing is to give your reader a clear understanding of the original source. Follow the 4 steps outline below to write a good summary. To make the text more manageable and understand its sub-points, break it down into smaller parts. If the text is a scientific paper that follows a standard empirical structure, it is probably already organized into clearly marked sections, usually including an introduction, methods, results, and discussion.
Other types of articles may not be explicitly divided into sections. But most articles and essays will be structured around a series of sub-points or themes. Then you can see at a glance what each part of the article focuses on. If several paragraphs cover similar or related topics, you may group them together in sections. What does your reader need to know to understand the overall argument or conclusion of the article?
Keep in mind that a summary does not involve paraphrasing every single paragraph of the article. Your goal is to extract the essential points, leaving out anything that can be considered background information or supplementary detail.
In a scientific article, there are some easy questions you can ask to identify the key points in each part:. If the article takes a different form, how to start a summary of a research paper, you might have to think more carefully about what points are most important for the reader to understand its argument, how to start a summary of a research paper.
In this case, pay particular attention to the thesis statement —the central claim that the author wants us to accept, which usually appears in the introduction—and the topic sentences that signal the main idea of each paragraph.
Now that you know the key points that the article aims to communicate, how to start a summary of a research paper need to put them in your own words.
Do not copy and paste parts of the article, not even just a sentence or two. Example of a full article summary Davis et al. If there is indeed such a relationship, they suggest, promoting apple consumption could help reduce healthcare costs.
The study used publicly available cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants were categorized as either apple eaters or non-apple eaters based on their self-reported apple consumption in an average hour period. They were also categorized as either avoiding or not avoiding the use of healthcare services in the past year. The data was statistically analyzed how to start a summary of a research paper test whether there was an association between apple consumption and several dependent variables: physician visits, hospital stays, use of mental health services, and use of prescription medication.
Although apple eaters were slightly more likely to have avoided physician visits, this relationship was not statistically significant after adjusting for various relevant factors. No association was found between apple consumption and hospital stays or mental health service use. However, apple eaters were found to be slightly more likely to have avoided using prescription medication. Based on these results, the authors conclude that an apple a day does not keep the doctor away, but it may keep the pharmacist away.
They suggest that this finding could have implications for reducing healthcare costs, considering the high annual costs of prescription medication and the inexpensiveness of apples.
However, the authors also note several limitations of the study: most importantly, that apple eaters are likely to differ from non-apple eaters in ways that may have confounded the results for example, apple eaters may be more likely to be health-conscious.
To establish any causal relationship between apple consumption and avoidance of medication, they recommend experimental research. An article summary like the above would be appropriate for a stand-alone summary assignment. For example, in a literature review or research paper, you may want to briefly summarize this study as part of a wider discussion of various sources.
In this case, we can boil our summary down even further to include only the most relevant information. Example of a concise article summary Using national survey data, Davis et al. While people who consumed apples were slightly less likely to use prescription medications, the study was unable to demonstrate a causal relationship between these variables.
The exact format for citing depends on your citation stylebut it usually includes an in-text citation and a full reference at the end of your paper.
You can easily create your citations and references in APA or MLA using our free Citation Generators. APA Citation Generator MLA Citation Generator. Plagiarism Checker comparison. A summary is a short overview of the main points of an article or other source, written entirely in your own words. To avoid plagiarism when summarizing an article or other source, follow these two rules:. May I use some of the content in your article to teach my students about summarizing?
You have presented an excellent article and I would like to use the example summary You can always feel free to use Scribbr content how to start a summary of a research paper your teaching.
Just make sure to credit Scribbr. Glad you're finding the material helpful! An innovative new tool that checks your APA citations with AI software. Say goodbye to inaccurate citations! Have a language expert improve your writing. Check your paper for plagiarism in 10 minutes. Do the check. Generate your APA citations for free! APA Citation Generator. Home Knowledge Base Citing sources How to write a summary.
How to write a summary Published on November 23, by Shona McCombes. Here's why students love Scribbr's proofreading services Trustpilot. Davis et al. Using national survey data, Davis et al.
What is a how to start a summary of a research paper How long is a summary? How can I summarize a source without plagiarizing? Cite the source with an in-text citation and a full reference so your reader can easily find the original text.
Is this article helpful? Shona McCombes Shona has a bachelor's and two master's degrees, so she's an expert at writing a great thesis. She has also worked as an editor and teacher, working with students at all different levels to improve their academic writing.
Other students also liked. How to paraphrase sources Paraphrasing means putting a passage of text in your own words without changing its meaning. When you paraphrase, always cite the source. How to quote in academic writing When you quote a source, you have to intoduce the quote, enclose the quote in quotation marks, and correctly cite the original author s.
In-text citation in APA, MLA, and Chicago In-text citations are used to refer to sources in the body of your paper. Each citation style has different rules for in-text citation. Kindest regards, Stephen Reply. Hi Stephen, You can always feel free to use Scribbr content in your teaching.
Still have questions? Please click the checkbox on the left to verify that you are a not a bot. Scribbr APA Citation Checker An innovative new tool that checks your APA citations with AI software. Learn more. What research question or problem was addressed? Are there any hypotheses formulated? What type how to start a summary of a research paper research was done? How was data collected and analyzed?
What were the most important findings? Were the hypotheses supported? What is the overall answer to the research question? How does the author explain these results? What are the implications of the results? Are there any important limitations? Are there any key recommendations?
How to Write a Summary
, time: 3:06Research Summary Examples - PDF | Examples
· Use short sentences, in your own words. After extracting the key information, revisit the article and read it more attentively, to see if you missed something. Add some notes to your summary, but take care to avoid plagiarism. Write notes in your own blogger.comted Reading Time: 6 mins · Start by reading the abstract—this already contains the author’s own summary of their work, and it tells you what to expect from the article. Pay attention to headings and subheadings—these should give you a good sense of what each part is blogger.comted Reading Time: 9 mins · A research summary template is also very likely to help you structure your paper. Sketch the main elements of the conclusion before writing it. Do this for a number of reasons: validate/invalidate hypotheses; enumerate key evidence supporting or invalidating them, list potential implications; mention the subject’s importance; mention study limitations and future Estimated Reading Time: 9 mins
No comments:
Post a Comment